Apparatus for automatically signaling the presence of deleterious gases in the atmosphere.



PATENTED JULY 24, 1906. H. HAUGER.

OPDELETERIOUS GASES IN THE ATMOSPHERE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.29.1905.

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APPARATUS POR ATOMATIGALLY SIGNALING THE PRESENCE PATENTE) JULY 24, 1906.

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APPARATUS PUR AUTOMATICALLY SIGNALING TPEV PRESENCE OP DELETERIOUS GASES IN THE ATMOSPHERE.l

APPLICATION lFILED APR. 29. M05.

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HENRT HAUGER, PART-S, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATICALLY SIGNALING TH PRESENCE 0F DELETERTOUS GASES 1N THE ATMOSPHERE.

No. ceases,

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented July 24, 1906.

Application filed Aprl29,1905. Serial No. 258103.

To all 'wl/1,0m it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRI HAUGER, a citizen of the Republic'of France, and a resident of 87 Rue Notre-Dame des Champs, Paris, France, have invented an Improvement in Apparatus for Automatically Signaling the Presence of Deleterious Gases in the Atmosphere, of 'which the following is a specification.

This device is based on the difference of density of the gases relatively to the respir- Although it can serve, to a certain extent, for approximately detecting such gases, it is no apparatus for laboratory purposes, its object beingto Warn people, either sleeping or Working, of the presence of deleterious gases either heavier or lighter than air-such as carbonio oxid, lighting-gas, and

the lile-in order to avoid the numerous accidents'caused by such gases. Y

This device is shown only for purpose of illustration in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a front elevation, Fig. 2 a plan, Fig.. 8 a section, Fig. 4 a back view,4of the apparatus.

The same is composed of a chemical balance, very sensitive and bearing at one end of the beam c, as a fixed tare, a receptacle b, having any capacity Whatever and being perfectly tight and hermetically closed, containing normal air without pressure. The other end of the beam bears a scale c, having an equal area, fitted to a stirrup d andbalancingfthe receptacle t when the ambient air is in normal conditions of respirability. Tn this first case the balance is in equilibrium.

Tf any cause whatever-such as an imperfeet shutting of a cock, an introduction of carbonic oxid by a defective chimney or heatin apparatus, etc-alters the 'composition o the ambient air by introducing such gases in an undetermined proportion, the

ensity of said air is changed according to the proportion of extraneous gas and the air enters the apparatus through openings e, provided With lattice. In this second case the air contained in the receptacle b not having changed its density, as the perfect tightness of the receptacle prevents theintroduction of v extraneous gases, the equilibrium is broken. In the case Where the extraneous elements are lighter than the air this latter becomes also li hter and the receptacle, having an invariabgieweight, will descend and carry away the beam a, in the direction of its fall. The

contrary action takes place if the extraneous gases are heavier than air.

Accordin to the above statement, which is confirme by a serious experimentation of the apparatus, when the beam of balance oscillates either in one or the other direction a finger f, secured to the beam, comes (after a previous regulation according to the proportion of deleterious gas introduced and in case of danger) to plunge into a bath of mercury g and close an electrical circuit driving an alarm-bell h and may also, if desired, move a suitable gear for opening a window-frame. Thus the device produces in an absolutely automatical manner either the simple signal ofthe alarm-bell or the ventilation b the movable frame and the signal by the a armbell simultaneously. The apparatus such as above described could, however, work either in one or the other direction without introduction of altering elements into the atmosphere, for the simple reason of the variations of temperature modifying materially the weight of the respirable air. Tn order to avoid this inconvenience, l fit to the end of the balance-beam a opposite to the end bearing the receptacle b a compensator of temperature i, consisting of a two-metal spiral driving a lever 7c, which moves longitudinally a small movable tare l, sliding on a thread and compensating the differences of temperature, thus rendering the apparatus insensible to thermometrical variations. A finger m, dependent of the balance-beam and having its point before a gradation n, indicates the degree of divergence of the beam relatively to the normal position, also the approximate ters Patent, is-

l. Apparatus for si nalin the presence of gases, comprising a Tever eam, a hollow sealed vessel containing normal air attached to one end of the beam, a counterbalance attached to the other end of said beam, a thermostat and a slidable counterweight operated thereby and both carried by the beam, and a barometer and a slidable counter- Weight operated thereby, said barometer and weight both carried lby the lever-beam 2. Apparatus for si naling the presence of gases, comprising a ever-beam, a hollow. sealed vessel containing normal air attached to one end of said beam, a counterbalance attached to the other end of said beam, and a IOO IOv

thermostat and a slidable counterweight 0perated thereby and both carried by the beam.

8. Apparatus forsi alingthe presence of gases, com rising a ever beam, a hollow sealed vesse 'containing normal air attached to one end of said beam, a counterbalance attached to the other end of said beam, and a barometer anda slideble counterweight operated thereby and both carried bythe beam.

4. The combination with means for detecting thepresence of gases, of a means influenced by variations of atmospheric pressure for compensating for such variations.

5. The combinationwith means for detecting the presence of ases, of an aneroid and parts operated there y for compensating for Variations of 'atmospheric pressure.

ea'eeae 6. Apparatus for si alin the presence of gases, com rising a ever- 'eam, a hollow sealed vesse containing normal air attached to one end of said beam, a counterbalance attached to the other end of said beam and having a dust-collecting surface equal to that of the said Vessel, and parts carried by the beam for compensatin for variations of atmospheric pressure an for compensating for variations of temperature.

lin testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRI HAUGER.

Witnesses:

HANSON` C. CoXE, VICTOR M ATRERY. 

